Abraha really went to Macca to conquest..
Outside of later Islamic tradition, there is no mention of Abraha's
expedition. Historical-critical scholars see the story as a later
Islamic tradition designed to explain the "Men of the Elephant" in
Qur'an 105:1-5.[13] However, recent findings of Himyaritic inscriptions
describe an hitherto unknown expedition of Abraha, which subsequently
led Gajda et al to identify this expedition as the failed conquest of
Mecca.[14]
There were recurrences of the plague in Syria–Palestine about every decade between 688/89 and 744/45. [35] "The Umaiyad [sic] dynasty was literally plagued by this disease ", in the words of Dols. [36] The deaths of the Umayyad caliphs Mu'awiya II ( r . 683–684 ), Marwan I ( r . 684–685 ), Abd al-Malik ( r . 685–705 ), Sulayman ( r . 715–717 ) and the Umayyad governors in Iraq al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba ( r . 661–671 ) and Ziyad ibn Abihi ( r . 685–673 ) may all possibly have been caused by the plague epidemics in Syria and Iraq. [37] [21] The caliphs routinely withdrew from the cities to their desert palaces when the plague emerged during the summer months. [36] Notable among them was Caliph Hisham ( r . 724–743 ), who preferred his palace at Rusafa over Damascus because he viewed the latter to be unhealthy. [38]
Comments
Post a Comment